Tea Exhibition
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THE BASKET
There
are several kinds of baskets, there being one called ying and another
called Lan. There are also the lung and the chu. All of them are made
of bamboo. Pickers carry those with a capacity of one to four gallons,
or of five, ten, twenty or even thirty pints, on their backs while
harvesting the tea.
THE FURNACE AND CAULDRON
Do not use a furnace with a chimney and always select a cauldron with a wide-flaring lip.
THE BOILER
The
boiler, such as one used for steaming rice, and called a tseng is made
of wood or earthenware. There is no waist to it but there is also a
receptacle made of clay meant to catch droppings from the holes at the
bottom of the boiler. The two are joined with bamboo. To begin the
steaming, first put the tea in the receptacle. Then pour it into the
steamer. Continue stirring it with a three-forked branch in order to
spread out the shoots and buds and allow the juices to flow.
THE PESTLE
There is one called tui, such as is used in hulling rice, which is perfect, especially if it has known long use.
THE SHAPER
The
shaper can be one of two kinds called a mo or mould or a ch'uan which
is bent in the shape of a basin. They are made of iron and some are
round, some, square. Occasionally they are also ornamented.
THE HOLDER
One
type is called the t'ai or stage. Another is the chap or block. They
are made of stone but if that is not possible, then from the wood of
the pagoda or the mulberry tree. Half of the holder should be buried in
the ground so that it will be completely stable during the
manufacturing process.
THE COVER
The
cover is called I and is made of oiled silk or of a single piece of
rain gear that has been worn out. To make the tea, place the cover over
the holder and then place the shaper over the cover. After the tea has
set, it can be moved by lifting up the cloth cover.
THE SCREEN
The
screen, called either a ying-tzu or a p'ang-lang is made from two
pieces of young bamboo about three feet long. The body of the implement
is two feet, five inches and the handle is five inches. With bamboo
strips weave square eyes something like those in a gardener's earth
sifter. The screen should be about two feet across. It is used for
grading the tea.
THE AWL
Called a ch'i, it has a knife and handle made of tough wood. It is used to bore holes in the tea for stringing.
THE BEATER
It is named pien and is made of bamboo. It may also be used to insert into the tea in order to loosen it.
THE DRYING HOLE
To
dry the tea, make a hole in the ground about two feet deep, two feet
five inches wide and ten feet long. Around the top of it construct a
wall two feet high and seal it with wet clay.
STRINGERS
The
stringers are named kuan. To make them, use strips of bamboo about two
and one-half feet long. Stringers are used to thread through the tea
before drying it.
THE DRYING SHED
The
p'eng or chan is a wooden structure built over the drying hole. The
wood should be plaited and joined so there will be two stages each a
foot high, each in its turn being used in the drying process.
When the tea is half dry, it is raised to the lower stage and as it becomes thoroughly dry, it is raised to the upper one.
TIES
The
residents of the land east of the Yangtze and south of the Huai rivers
used split bamboo to tie the tea. In the Szechwan mountains, the people
make their ties by stringing bark together. In Kiangsu, the largest
amount tied together is one catty; a half-catty is the medium size
package. A package of four or five ounces is the third size. In the
valleys and mountains, the largest load is 120 catties, a medium load
is 80 catties and a 50-catty load is the smallest.
In the old
days, the character for the tie was the ch'uan, meaning bracelet.
Sometimes the ch'uan of the expression kuan-ch'uan, meaning "to string
together," was used, but such is no longer the case. The character used
now to designate the tie for the tea is ch'uan, meaning "to bore
through." When it is written, one thinks of the even tone, but it is
spoken with a falling tone.
STORAGE CONTAINERS
Storage
containers are called yu. Their frames are manufactured of roots tied
together by bamboo with paper pasted over them. Inside there are
horizontal partitions and there is a cover over the top. Below there is
a receiving unit at the side of which is a door. Inside one of the door
panels is a utensil meant to hold a light fire to keep it warm and dry.
In Chiang Nan, in the times of the heavy rains, tea in these containers
is specially treated with fire.
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